Introduction

The hindu analysis for the day of 4 September 2023 for the UPSC CSE WBPCS preparation.

• Polity
• RTI act 2005
• One Nation One Election
• What are Concerns?
• Art 125 of CrPC act.
• Science and technology
• Northern Plains of India are the Most Polluted Region
• Aditya L1
• What is Lagrange Points

Polity

RTI act 2005

• The right to information act 2005 has helped citizens obtain information and data from Central and state institutions even though they are not readily available in the public domains.

• Allows the public to get sufficient data about government possessions.
• Prohibit any personal data disclosure unless there is an emergency or public interest behind it.
• The Digital personal data protection act amended this prohibition into a total prohibition.

• This particular act has provided an opportunity for social audits through which a community member can get a list of beneficiaries through an RTI request and can individually verify what if the beneficiaries are getting the amenities they have received on paper.

• The RTI amendment act 2019 gives the union government that unilateral Power to decide how long the information commissioner, who hears appeals against unsatisfactory scenarios and absent RTI responses and what their salaries are.
• The RTI act implementation depended upon the rules made by the union government and the state government all together.
• Even if they do not have an online portal, it is common for many bodies to simply ignore or not register on the portal.
• There are many other authorities under the union government portal filling application is a little harder.

One Nation One Election

• Comment has set up a panel headed by Ramnath Kovind to examine the feasibility of the one Nation one election plan.
• As there are several acts and procedures present in the Indian constitution like anti defection and counterdefection between parties, several legislative assemblies dissolved after the 1960s which eventually let separate poles for lok sabha and rajya sabha.

• On August 28 the law commission of India released a report on the simultaneous selection wherein the constitutional and legal questions are analyzed.

• Submitted that simultaneous elections are not feasible or possible in this existing framework.

• State that the representation of peoples act 1951 and the procedure of the lok sabha and the state assembly how to have appropriate amendments to conduct simultaneous polls.

• That ratification from at least 50% of the states are recommended.

However, this selection will lead to saving public money. The stress on the administrative body.

Timely implementation of government policies and administrative focus on development and other important activities associated with the development of this Nation.

What are Concerns?

• The article 83 (2), 72 of the constitution stipulates that the tenure of lok sabha and assembly respectively be 5 years but it is subject to dissolution by the president under circumstances according to article 356.

• Concern on what would happen if the central and the state government collapses main tenure.
• In case of dissolution or collapse of parliament will there be again an election for all the states?

• The idea of one Nation and one election is the concept of federalism as it established one Nation whereas our constitution India has been represented as "Union of States."

Art 125 of CrPC act.

• The opposition took a strong stand for recording clause 125 of the CrPC which had already been adopted by the house.
• Before the house would proceed with the government's move for every consideration of the class, the minister of state and Home affairs said that the government had no objection to taking up the bill in the next session of the parliament.

• Article 125 of CrPC act empowers the court on ordering an individual to give maintenance to his wives, children and parents in the event the individual has been neglecting his responsibility or refusing to pay.

• Minority community states that it is not following their personal laws.

Science and technology

Northern Plains of India are the Most Polluted Region

• Data from air quality life index 2021 shows the failure to meet who's guideline on reducing particulate matter 2.5 pollution to 5 g/m3 put the global life experiences by 2.3 years.

• The most populated countries of the world, India's score is also not worth it.

• India has ranked to be the second most polluted country in the world in 2021.

• The potential life expectancy is expected to be reduced by 5.3 years if guidelines remain unmet.

• Else that the cardiovascular diseases reduce the average life of Indian citizens by 4.5 years.
• The chunk of population associated with the northern plains of India is about 38.9% of India's population and marks this region as the most populated region.
• Under this Northern plain these states are Bihar Chandigarh Haryana Delhi Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.

• Here data shows that PM2.5 concentration in Delhi, the world's most polluted City, 18 million people could lose 11.9 years of life expectancy related to the WHO guidelines.

• The pollution once concentrated especially in the Northern region spread to other parts of the country over the last two decades.

Aditya L1

• After the successful landing into the moon the scientist are looking forward towards their next space-based astronomy mission Aditya L1

• It is the second space-based astronomy mission after AstroSat which was launched in 2015.

• This particular program is designed to study the sun and this region between the earth from space.

  
• As it will carry 7 payloads, which will be developed by various institutions across the country, there will be a need for a ground support center to monitor and coordinate the work on its various payloads.

• This role will be played by ARIES ( Aryabhatta Research Institute for Observational Sciences) situated near Nainital.

What is Lagrange Points

• Lagrange points are positioned in space when celestial bodies like the Sun or moon or the earth produce enhanced regions of attraction and repulsion.

• These particular characteristics can be used by the spacecraft to reduce the fuel consumption needed to remain in this position as that enhanced region of attraction will take part.

• It is named in honor of lesson French mathematician Joseph Louis Lagrange