Introduction

The hindu analysis for the day of 28 August 2023

Science and environment

A committee has been set up by the Ministry of Consumer Affairs. This particular framework provides consumers a chance to repair their products at an optimal or lower cost in spite of buying new products.
Most of the sectors are associated with digital setups along with laptops, computers , ecards, tablets, consumer durables automobiles and several products.
This particular framework makes sure that the manufacturers share their product details with customers so that they can repair them by themselves or any third party and the parts are also available in the market.
Particular framework enhances the product durability and new job opportunities.
It will also create trade options between original equipment manufacturers, third party buyers and sellers.
The rising problem of e-waste will also be handled by this particular framework which will ultimately reduce the vast mountain of e-waste that piles each year and nowadays which has become an international agenda.
It will ultimately result in saving huge unnecessary investment in products and equipment and improving the lifespan maintenance, reuse , upgrade recycle and waste handling of appliances.

Human body is made of trillions of cells. The human genome has 23 pairs of chromosomes.
Is actually the blueprint of our genetic makeup
When the ovum and the sperm combine and turn into a single cell with 23 chromosomes.
The cells start dividing and copying the genetic material over and over and forming a complete body.
Cell copies the DNA with extremely high accuracy and the proteins do the proofreading and correct if there is any error in the cells.
Still while copying the DNA the followed some copy paste mistake depending on the stage of development or point in the lifestyle at which they are occurring.
Another the doctors in the DNA after birth are called as somatic genetic
And this mutations of somatic jeans will be more the older and individual is and the higher the turnover of the tissue.
Turnover is the replacement of old cells by the new muted one.
Somatic genetic mutation can render a cell fitter than others which lead to the formation of tumors this type of mutations are called driver nutrition.

Somatic mutations are important for a number of reasons
The immune cells present in our body which produce antibodies undergo an enormous amount of somatic changes that create diverse proteins.
These proteins work against specific pathogens.

Somatic genetic variants play an important role in the development of cancers.
Early identification and diagnosis of Cancer rely on the fact that certain patterns are called mutational signatures of genetic variation from which experts can predict the occurrence of cancer in near or future time.
So the proper studies of somatic nutrition of sales are key indicators of Cancer detection in cells.

The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) on Sunday released a graph of the temperature variation of the lunar surface with the increase of depth measured by ChaSTE.
Chandra's Surface Thermophysical Experiment (ChaSTE) measures the temperature profile and the major characteristics of lunar topsoil around the South pole.
The pillows have a capability of reaching a depth of 10 cm beneath the surface of the moon.

After the successful landing into the moon the scientist are looking forward towards their next space-based astronomy mission Aditya L1
It is the second space-based astronomy mission after AstroSat which was launched in 2015.
This particular program is designed to study the sun and this region between the earth from space.
As it will carry 7 payloads, which will be developed by various institutions across the country, there will be a need for a ground support center to monitor and coordinate the work on its various payloads.
This role will be played by ARIES ( Aryabhatta Research Institute for Observational Sciences) situated near Nainital.

An animal or a device that emits sound waves and based on the reflection of the wave the animal or devices understand its environment. This particular method is also used by bats.
Sometimes animals that use sounds for echolocation often beyond the range of human hearin- g