- Published on
Current Affairs for the date of 15 November 2023
- Authors
- Name
- Current Affairs Wala
Introduction
The Hindu analysis for the day of 15 November 2023 for the UPSC CSE WBPCS preparation.
- SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
- ELECTRIC BATTERY AND DIFFERENT TYPES
- WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF BATTERIES?
- HYDROGEN FUEL CELL
- GOVERNANCE
- RASHTRIY VIGYAN PURASKAR
- ABOUT PM KISAN
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
ELECTRIC BATTERY AND DIFFERENT TYPES
- A very general problem that the great the performance of electrochemical cells is called corrosion
In humid conditions what droplets can contain on the electrodes if atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are also high the water can combine with the gas to produce carbonic acid which can corrode the electrode.
Another very well known source of corrosion is galvanic corrosion where one of the electrodes in a cell dissolves faster into the electrolyte overtime because it is more reactive before the less reactive electrode starts to Erode
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF BATTERIES?
- Two batteries that are often a news are
- Lithium Ion (Liion) battery
- Electric vehicles (EVs)
The Liion battery of the developers of its fundamental principle won the Nobel prize for chemistry in 2019.
- This particular battery has a voltaic as well as electrolytic cell.
A voltaic cell converts chemical energy to electrical energy whereas an electrolytic cell converts electrical energy to chemical energy.
- Ab battery that can do both is the rechargeable
In a Liion battery polymer cell used in smartphones a lithium metal oxide is in the cathode and graphite in the anode.
The electrolyte is a semi solid polymer gel microporous polythene is used to separate the two half cells.
- In a Voltaic phase lithium oxide to Li+ in the anode and releases an electron.
The electron moves via the external circuit to the cathode whereas the LI+moves via the electrolyte to the cathode.
The ion slips between the layers of the carbon sheets that graphite is made of in a process called intercalation.
In the electrolytic phase an overvoltage is applied to sales so that it charges and the LI+ moves from the graphite to intercalate in the metal oxide and get ready for the next discharge.
HYDROGEN FUEL CELL
Hydrogen fuel cells are also of great interest today as the anode a catalyst separates hydrogen into photons in electrons.
The electrons flow through the external circuits and the protons through the electrolyte both to the cathode.
At the cathode the particles react with oxygen from the ear to create heat and water. This will work as long as hydrogen is supplied and is expected to be a key component of the hydrogen economy.
GOVERNANCE
RASHTRIY VIGYAN PURASKAR
The Government of India has come out with the new set of national awards in the field of science technology and innovation which is known as rashtriya vigyan puraskar.
The objectives of this particular rashtriya vigyan puraskar is to recognise notable and inspiring contributions made by scientist technology innovators individually or at organisation level.
- It is one of the highest record nations in the field of science and technology and innovation in India
Scientist technology innovators working in government private sector organizations or any individual working outside organizations who have made distinguished contributions in the field will be recognised.
Mainly in 13thomains this price shall be given namely physics chemistry biology mathematics computer science art science medicine engineering science agriculture science environmental science technology and innovation space science atomic energy and others.
- In the representation of each domain gender parity will be ensured
The words shall be announced on 11th May in the national technology day every year and the award ceremony for all categories of award will be held on 23rd August on national space day
No cash components in this awards are provided but awards will have 'sanad' and a medal each.
ABOUT PM KISAN
PM Kisan is the central sector scheme which is 100% funded by the central government of India.
- Particular project become a professional from 1.12.2018
Income support of 6000 in 3 equal installments will be provided to land holding former families.
- Definition of family is husband, wife and minor children .
- State government in UTs will identify the farmer families who will be eligible for support as the scheme guidance and the fund will be directly transferred to the bank accounts of beneficiaries.
- There are various exclusion categories for the scheme who will not be benefited.
- All institutional land holders
- Farmer families which belong to one or more of the following categories
- Former and present holders of constitutional post.
- Permanent present minister state minister formal present members of lok sabha rajya sabha list legislative council mayors of municipal corporation present chairperson and district Panchayat.
- All saving aur retired officers unemployees of the central and state government ministries of departments and its field unit Central or state and attached offices autonomous institution under government as well as regular Imphal is of the local bodies including masters in staff class 4 group d employees.
- All recharge persons whose monthly pension is rupees 10000 or more.
- All persons who paid income tax and last assessment year.
- Professionals like doctor engineers lawyers chartered accountant architects with professional bodies and carried out their profession by undertaking practices.