Introduction

The hindu analysis for the day of 16 September 2023 for the UPSC CSE WBPCS preparation.

Nipah virus is a zoonotic virus. A virus that is transmitted from animals to humans is called a zoonotic virus.
It can transfer through contaminated food or directly between people.
Virus causes a range of illnesses from asymptomatic infection to acute respiratory illness.
This virus can cause severe disease in animals like pigs which results in significant loss to the farmers.
This virus was first discovered in 1999 during an outbreak among pig farmers in Malaysia.
Fruit bats one of the family Pteropodidae- particularly species belonging to the Pteropus genus are the natural host for NIPAH VIRUS
This virus can also be found in horses, goats, ships, cats, dogs.

POLITY AND GOVERNANCE

Jal jeevan mission is launched by the central government to provide safe and adequate drinking water through individual household taps connected by 2024 to all the rural households of India.
This program will also implement sustainability and handle the water cycle such as recharge and reuse through groundwater management, water conservation and rainwater harvesting.
Jal jeevan mission is based on a community approach and will include intensive and extensive information education and communication as key components or builders for the mission.

The PM care fund has been registered as a public charitable trust.
As this particular program has primary objectives of dealing with any kind of emergency or just situation like COVID 19 and provide relief in disaster management and effective areas under the name of prime minister's citizen assistance and relief in emergency situation fund also known as PM care fund.
The PM care fund has been registered under the registration act 19800 New Delhi on 12th March 2020.

OBJECTIVES:

The objectives are

Support resistance or relief of any kind of public health emergency or other emergencies like
Calamity or disaster man made or natural disaster
financial assistance
funding relevant research or any other type of support
development of other necessary infrastructure pharmaceutical facilities
Prime minister of India is the ex-officio chairman of the PM care fund and minister of defense, minister of Home affairs and minister of finance Government of India are ex officer trustees of the fund.

Genetically modification of crops using the available variable genetic diversity present for better seed and more production has been well documented.
As the population is increasing it is very much important to introduce genetically modified crops to meet the urgency and need and global food shortage.
According to a report by international service for acquisition of agri biotech applications 2020 a total of 72 countries have adopted GM crops either as human food or animal foods as well as for commercial cultivation.

56% of the global GM crop area is in developing countries compared to 44% in industrial countries.
Focus on master India faces a major deficit in edible oils with 60% of its demand being made by imports from other countries.
As master is one of the most important edible oil in India the health per hectare is also very low. The government is trying to increase its master production by introducing GM crops.
Using genetic engineering extensive research has been carried out at the center for genetic manipulation of crops under the University of Delhi to create genetically mustard hybrid.
Dmh 11 having much higher yield will facilitate in increasing the domestic production of edible oil.
Genetically modified mustard hybrid is based on the barnase/barstar system.
This particular method works on the principle of removing male fertility in one parent and restoring it in the upstairing.
October 2022 the genetic engineering appraisal committee of the ministry of environment forest and climate change Government of India declared that damage 11 is approved in Indian fields this particular statement is a landmark decision indeed
This will help to boost the production of mustard and help this country to save its foreign exchange as import of oil will be lesser.